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      2. 必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

        時(shí)間:2024-08-13 11:30:12 基礎(chǔ)英語 我要投稿
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        必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

          導(dǎo)語:根據(jù)英語語法,及物動詞必須后接賓語,但有些及物動詞,但它后面接只能接反身代詞作賓語,而不能接其他成分作賓語。英語中的這類動詞非常有限,最常見的有 absent, avail, pride等。如:

        必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

          1. absent

          absent 用作動詞時(shí),只用作及物動詞,意為“缺席”,只接反身代詞作賓語。表示“做某事缺席”,其后也接介詞 from。如:

          He absented himself from the meeting. 他沒有出席會議。

          Why did you absent yourself from class yesterday? 你昨天為什么沒來上課?

          They’ve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting. 他們安排好讓我一部分時(shí)間不在開會現(xiàn)場。

          2. avail

          You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak English. 你要利用一切機(jī)會說英語。

          表示“使用”“利用”時(shí),雖為及物動詞,但只能接反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于avail oneself of(利用)這一結(jié)構(gòu),注意不能直接跟所利用的東西作賓語,如:

          誤:You must avail every opportunity to speak English.

          3. pride

          pride 用作動詞時(shí),總是以反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于pride oneself on [upon] (doing) sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。

          She prided herself on being a Chinese. 她以自己是中國人為榮。

          He prides himself on his ability to speak French. 他以會說法語而自豪。

          He prided himself on knowing 10 languages. 他為自己懂得10種語言而自豪。

          “動詞+反身代詞”的常用結(jié)構(gòu)歸納

          1. abandon oneself to 沉溺于,縱情:

          He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自棄。

          2. advertise oneself 自吹自擂:

          Stop advertising yourself. 別再吹噓自己了。

          3. bend oneself to 專心于,集中精力于:

          He bent himself to the completion of his task. 他專心完成工作。

          4. commit oneself on 對…表態(tài)(承諾或表明意見):

          He didn’t want to commit himself on that matter. 他不想就那樣做任何承諾。

          5. commit oneself to 保證,承諾:

          Sorry, I’ve committed myself to working for Jim. 對不起,我已答應(yīng)為吉姆做事。

          6. conduct oneself 舉止,行為:

          He conducted himself in a most gracious manner. 他表現(xiàn)得極為溫文爾雅。

          7. content oneself with 滿足于,滿意于:

          He contented himself with his present salary. 他對自己現(xiàn)在的薪水感動滿意。

          We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我們切不可滿足于僅有一點(diǎn)書本知識。

          8. devote oneself to 致力于,獻(xiàn)身于:

          He devoted himself entirely to music. 他把自己完全奉獻(xiàn)給音樂。

          After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research. 畢業(yè)之后他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。

          9. employ oneself in (doing) sth 忙于做某事(有時(shí)用于被動語態(tài)):

          He employed himself in writing. 他忙于寫作。

          He was employed in watering the garden. 他忙于澆花園。

          10. enjoy oneself 過得愉快,玩得痛快:

          I enjoyed myself at the party. 這次聚會我很快活。

          11. express oneself表達(dá)自己的意思:

          I don’t know if I’ve expressed myself clearly. 我的意思不知是否講清了。

          He expresses himself in good clear English. 他能用正確清楚的英語表達(dá)思想。

          12. flatter oneself 自認(rèn)為:

          We flatter ourselves that we call do without their help. 我們自認(rèn)為我們可以不需要他們的幫助。

          13. make a fool of oneself 出丑,鬧笑話:

          Sorry I made such a fool of myself last night.I must have been drunk. 對不起,我昨晚真是出丑了,我一定是喝醉了。

          14. make oneself [one’s voice] heard 使自己的聲音被聽見:

          I couldn’t make myself heard above the noise. 我的聲音被喧鬧聲淹沒了。

          15. make oneself understood 清楚地表達(dá)自己的意思,使自己的意思為人所理解:

          Can he make himself understood in English? 他能用英語表達(dá)自己的意思嗎?

          16. make oneself scarce 溜走,躲開:

          He’s in a bad mood so I’ll make myself scarce. 他情緒不好,我得躲著點(diǎn)。

          17. do oneself justice 發(fā)揮自己的能力:

          He didn’t do himself justice in the exams. 他在考試中沒有發(fā)揮出自己的能力。

          18. list oneself as 把自己列為…一類:

          He listed himself as a Marxist. 他將自己列為馬克思主義者。

          19. lose oneself in專心致志于:

          I soon lost myself in the excitement of the film. 影片中的刺激情節(jié)很快就把我吸引住了。

          20. pull oneself together 控制感情,使自己鎮(zhèn)靜:

          Pull yourself together and stop crying. 控制一下你自己,別哭了。

          21. repeat oneself 重說自己的話,重做自己做過的事:

          Am I repeating myself? 我以前說過這事嗎?

          History will not repeat itself. 歷史不會重演。

          22. resign oneself to 聽任,順從:

          I resigned myself to a long wait in line. 我只好在長隊(duì)中等候。

          23. respect oneself自尊,自重:

          No girl who respected herself would go out dressed like that. 任何一個自重的女孩都不會穿著那樣的衣服出門。

          24. revenge oneself on sb 向某人報(bào)仇:

          He was determined to revenge himself on his father’s murderer. 他決心要向殺害他父親的兇手報(bào)仇。

          25. save oneself the bother of doing sth 省得自己麻煩去做某事:

          I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本來應(yīng)該先給商店打個電話的,這樣也就省得我走一趟。

          26. say to oneself 心里想:

          I said to myself, “I’ll do it this way.” 我心里想:“我就這樣做。”

          27. seat oneself 就坐:

          Please seat yourself. 請坐。

          He seated himself near the window. 他在窗戶邊坐下。

          28. speak for oneself 不言而喻,不辯自明:

          The company has had a very successful year: the figures speak for themselves. 該公司本年度非常成功,一看數(shù)字便知道。

          29. suit oneself 隨自己的愿意:

          You don’t want to come? Well, suit yourself. 你不想來,那好,隨你便。

          30. throw oneself into 全身心投入:

          After my girlfriend left me, I threw myself into my work. 女朋友離開我之后,我把整個身心都投入到工作中去了。

          31. throw oneself on sb’s mercy 請求某人寬恕:

          They didn’t throw themselves on her mercy. 他們沒有向她請求寬恕。

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            必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

              導(dǎo)語:根據(jù)英語語法,及物動詞必須后接賓語,但有些及物動詞,但它后面接只能接反身代詞作賓語,而不能接其他成分作賓語。英語中的這類動詞非常有限,最常見的有 absent, avail, pride等。如:

            必須接反身代詞作賓語的英語動詞

              1. absent

              absent 用作動詞時(shí),只用作及物動詞,意為“缺席”,只接反身代詞作賓語。表示“做某事缺席”,其后也接介詞 from。如:

              He absented himself from the meeting. 他沒有出席會議。

              Why did you absent yourself from class yesterday? 你昨天為什么沒來上課?

              They’ve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting. 他們安排好讓我一部分時(shí)間不在開會現(xiàn)場。

              2. avail

              You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak English. 你要利用一切機(jī)會說英語。

              表示“使用”“利用”時(shí),雖為及物動詞,但只能接反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于avail oneself of(利用)這一結(jié)構(gòu),注意不能直接跟所利用的東西作賓語,如:

              誤:You must avail every opportunity to speak English.

              3. pride

              pride 用作動詞時(shí),總是以反身代詞作賓語,且主要用于pride oneself on [upon] (doing) sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)。

              She prided herself on being a Chinese. 她以自己是中國人為榮。

              He prides himself on his ability to speak French. 他以會說法語而自豪。

              He prided himself on knowing 10 languages. 他為自己懂得10種語言而自豪。

              “動詞+反身代詞”的常用結(jié)構(gòu)歸納

              1. abandon oneself to 沉溺于,縱情:

              He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自棄。

              2. advertise oneself 自吹自擂:

              Stop advertising yourself. 別再吹噓自己了。

              3. bend oneself to 專心于,集中精力于:

              He bent himself to the completion of his task. 他專心完成工作。

              4. commit oneself on 對…表態(tài)(承諾或表明意見):

              He didn’t want to commit himself on that matter. 他不想就那樣做任何承諾。

              5. commit oneself to 保證,承諾:

              Sorry, I’ve committed myself to working for Jim. 對不起,我已答應(yīng)為吉姆做事。

              6. conduct oneself 舉止,行為:

              He conducted himself in a most gracious manner. 他表現(xiàn)得極為溫文爾雅。

              7. content oneself with 滿足于,滿意于:

              He contented himself with his present salary. 他對自己現(xiàn)在的薪水感動滿意。

              We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. 我們切不可滿足于僅有一點(diǎn)書本知識。

              8. devote oneself to 致力于,獻(xiàn)身于:

              He devoted himself entirely to music. 他把自己完全奉獻(xiàn)給音樂。

              After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research. 畢業(yè)之后他繼續(xù)致力于研究工作。

              9. employ oneself in (doing) sth 忙于做某事(有時(shí)用于被動語態(tài)):

              He employed himself in writing. 他忙于寫作。

              He was employed in watering the garden. 他忙于澆花園。

              10. enjoy oneself 過得愉快,玩得痛快:

              I enjoyed myself at the party. 這次聚會我很快活。

              11. express oneself表達(dá)自己的意思:

              I don’t know if I’ve expressed myself clearly. 我的意思不知是否講清了。

              He expresses himself in good clear English. 他能用正確清楚的英語表達(dá)思想。

              12. flatter oneself 自認(rèn)為:

              We flatter ourselves that we call do without their help. 我們自認(rèn)為我們可以不需要他們的幫助。

              13. make a fool of oneself 出丑,鬧笑話:

              Sorry I made such a fool of myself last night.I must have been drunk. 對不起,我昨晚真是出丑了,我一定是喝醉了。

              14. make oneself [one’s voice] heard 使自己的聲音被聽見:

              I couldn’t make myself heard above the noise. 我的聲音被喧鬧聲淹沒了。

              15. make oneself understood 清楚地表達(dá)自己的意思,使自己的意思為人所理解:

              Can he make himself understood in English? 他能用英語表達(dá)自己的意思嗎?

              16. make oneself scarce 溜走,躲開:

              He’s in a bad mood so I’ll make myself scarce. 他情緒不好,我得躲著點(diǎn)。

              17. do oneself justice 發(fā)揮自己的能力:

              He didn’t do himself justice in the exams. 他在考試中沒有發(fā)揮出自己的能力。

              18. list oneself as 把自己列為…一類:

              He listed himself as a Marxist. 他將自己列為馬克思主義者。

              19. lose oneself in專心致志于:

              I soon lost myself in the excitement of the film. 影片中的刺激情節(jié)很快就把我吸引住了。

              20. pull oneself together 控制感情,使自己鎮(zhèn)靜:

              Pull yourself together and stop crying. 控制一下你自己,別哭了。

              21. repeat oneself 重說自己的話,重做自己做過的事:

              Am I repeating myself? 我以前說過這事嗎?

              History will not repeat itself. 歷史不會重演。

              22. resign oneself to 聽任,順從:

              I resigned myself to a long wait in line. 我只好在長隊(duì)中等候。

              23. respect oneself自尊,自重:

              No girl who respected herself would go out dressed like that. 任何一個自重的女孩都不會穿著那樣的衣服出門。

              24. revenge oneself on sb 向某人報(bào)仇:

              He was determined to revenge himself on his father’s murderer. 他決心要向殺害他父親的兇手報(bào)仇。

              25. save oneself the bother of doing sth 省得自己麻煩去做某事:

              I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本來應(yīng)該先給商店打個電話的,這樣也就省得我走一趟。

              26. say to oneself 心里想:

              I said to myself, “I’ll do it this way.” 我心里想:“我就這樣做。”

              27. seat oneself 就坐:

              Please seat yourself. 請坐。

              He seated himself near the window. 他在窗戶邊坐下。

              28. speak for oneself 不言而喻,不辯自明:

              The company has had a very successful year: the figures speak for themselves. 該公司本年度非常成功,一看數(shù)字便知道。

              29. suit oneself 隨自己的愿意:

              You don’t want to come? Well, suit yourself. 你不想來,那好,隨你便。

              30. throw oneself into 全身心投入:

              After my girlfriend left me, I threw myself into my work. 女朋友離開我之后,我把整個身心都投入到工作中去了。

              31. throw oneself on sb’s mercy 請求某人寬恕:

              They didn’t throw themselves on her mercy. 他們沒有向她請求寬恕。