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      2. 大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

        時間:2024-10-29 05:17:35 大學(xué)英語 我要投稿

        五篇大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          篇一:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

        五篇大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          倒裝的六條原則:

          1. so放在句首時表示承前肯定,這個句子用部分倒裝;

          nor, neither放在句首時表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒裝;

          2. 省略了引導(dǎo)詞if 的虛擬條件從句,可以把從句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一個提到從句最前面的位置,構(gòu)成部分倒裝;

          3. as, though表示“盡管”時引導(dǎo)從句,從句中的表語可以置于引導(dǎo)詞之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝;

          系動詞后面的部分就是表語,形容詞、名詞、名詞性短語可以置于系動詞之后。

          例如:She is beautiful. They are students.

          四級考試中出現(xiàn)的是由動詞的過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)變的形容詞作表語的形式。

          例、 _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

          A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published

          當(dāng)題干是as引導(dǎo)一個從句,且as前為一個空格時他表示的就是盡管,空格處要填的就是表語。

          being published 正在被出版; to be published 將要被出版。

          此句恢復(fù)正常語序應(yīng)為: As it was published at such a time …

          4. 表示否定含義的單詞或短語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;

          常見的一些表示否定含義的單詞:never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ;

          seldom 難得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。

          常見的一些表示否定含義的短語:in no way 決不; on no account 決不;

          under no circumstances 在任何情況下都不。

          5. only + 狀語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;(如果only去掉就是全部倒裝)

          例、Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.

          A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted

          C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen

          freshmen 新生; make up for 彌補,補償; make-up tests 補考(緩考)。

          6. 注意兩個表達(dá)形式:come what may 無論發(fā)生什么情況; say what you will 暢所欲言。

          篇二:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

          A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

          watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

          感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

          be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

          2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

          A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

          give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

          give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

          3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

          A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

          keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

          keep me informed 使我被告知。

          4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

          A after which B for which C with which D at which

          fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

          I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

          5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

          A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

          in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

          6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.

          A all in all B above all C after all D over all

          all in all 總而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 畢竟,終究;overall 全面的,總體的

          in a word 總之,in short 簡而言之,in conclusion 最后,總之,to sum up總之,總而言之。

          7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.

          A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now

          now that 既然,由于(相當(dāng)于since); ever since 自從…以來。

          與that搭配且后面可以加句子的幾個表達(dá)形式:

          now that 既然,由于; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。

          except后面加名詞或代詞;except that后面加句子。

          8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.

          A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to

          be attached to 連接,附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學(xué)校附屬于北大。

          responsible to 對…負(fù)有責(zé)任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。

          be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。

          9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.

          A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going

          regret doing 后悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應(yīng)用語境非常有限)。

          10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.

          A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice

          out of work 失業(yè); out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習(xí)。

          篇三:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

          動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動作發(fā)出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn),且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。

          形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。

          第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。

          例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

          A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

          注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。

          例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

          A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

          第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…

          例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待臺]

          A making B to make C to have made D having made

          1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

          A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

          watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

          感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

          be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

          2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

          A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

          give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

          give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

          3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

          A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

          keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

          keep me informed 使我被告知。

          4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

          A after which B for which C with which D at which

          fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

          I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

          5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

          A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

          in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

          篇四:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。

          非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu):分詞(分詞短語)

          句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作,則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出,則使用過去分詞。

          1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

          A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

          perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;

          to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

          一些特殊的動詞:

          第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;

          這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。

          注意:動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。

          forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;

          remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;

          2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

          A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

          offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

          him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。

          動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

          動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動作發(fā)出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn),且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。

          形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。

          第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。

          例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

          A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

          1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

          A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

          watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

          感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

          be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

          2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

          A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

          give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

          give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

          3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

          A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

          keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

          keep me informed 使我被告知。

          4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

          A after which B for which C with which D at which

          fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

          I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

          5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

          A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

          in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

          注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。

          例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

          A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

          第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…

          例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待臺]

          A making B to make C to have made D having made

          篇五:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

          非謂語動詞與獨立主格:短語,句子(或者句子,短語)

          當(dāng)短語部分有獨立主語,并且該主語不同于句子主語,這時短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。

          獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)1:名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞]

          現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的,正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的,已經(jīng)完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關(guān)系來確定是使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。當(dāng)動作由名詞(代詞)發(fā)出時使用現(xiàn)在分詞,而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。

          1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.

          A followed B following C to follow D being followed

          2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.

          A considered B be considered C considering D having considered

          call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別。

          獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)2:with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當(dāng)中作狀語]

          3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.

          A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged

          as well as 和(相當(dāng)于and); be encouraged不會考。

          動詞不定式有預(yù)示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;

          been encouraged 已經(jīng)被鼓勵完了,與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵

          短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。

          非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu):分詞(分詞短語)

          句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作,則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出,則使用過去分詞。

          1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

          A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

          perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;

          to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

          一些特殊的動詞:

          第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;

          這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。

          注意:動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。

          forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;

          remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;

          2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

          A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

          offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

          him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。

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            五篇大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              篇一:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

            五篇大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              倒裝的六條原則:

              1. so放在句首時表示承前肯定,這個句子用部分倒裝;

              nor, neither放在句首時表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒裝;

              2. 省略了引導(dǎo)詞if 的虛擬條件從句,可以把從句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一個提到從句最前面的位置,構(gòu)成部分倒裝;

              3. as, though表示“盡管”時引導(dǎo)從句,從句中的表語可以置于引導(dǎo)詞之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝;

              系動詞后面的部分就是表語,形容詞、名詞、名詞性短語可以置于系動詞之后。

              例如:She is beautiful. They are students.

              四級考試中出現(xiàn)的是由動詞的過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)變的形容詞作表語的形式。

              例、 _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

              A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published

              當(dāng)題干是as引導(dǎo)一個從句,且as前為一個空格時他表示的就是盡管,空格處要填的就是表語。

              being published 正在被出版; to be published 將要被出版。

              此句恢復(fù)正常語序應(yīng)為: As it was published at such a time …

              4. 表示否定含義的單詞或短語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;

              常見的一些表示否定含義的單詞:never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ;

              seldom 難得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。

              常見的一些表示否定含義的短語:in no way 決不; on no account 決不;

              under no circumstances 在任何情況下都不。

              5. only + 狀語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;(如果only去掉就是全部倒裝)

              例、Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.

              A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted

              C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen

              freshmen 新生; make up for 彌補,補償; make-up tests 補考(緩考)。

              6. 注意兩個表達(dá)形式:come what may 無論發(fā)生什么情況; say what you will 暢所欲言。

              篇二:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

              A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

              watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

              感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

              be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

              2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

              A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

              give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

              give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

              3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

              A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

              keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

              keep me informed 使我被告知。

              4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

              A after which B for which C with which D at which

              fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

              I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

              5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

              A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

              in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

              6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.

              A all in all B above all C after all D over all

              all in all 總而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 畢竟,終究;overall 全面的,總體的

              in a word 總之,in short 簡而言之,in conclusion 最后,總之,to sum up總之,總而言之。

              7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.

              A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now

              now that 既然,由于(相當(dāng)于since); ever since 自從…以來。

              與that搭配且后面可以加句子的幾個表達(dá)形式:

              now that 既然,由于; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。

              except后面加名詞或代詞;except that后面加句子。

              8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.

              A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to

              be attached to 連接,附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學(xué)校附屬于北大。

              responsible to 對…負(fù)有責(zé)任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。

              be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。

              9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.

              A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going

              regret doing 后悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應(yīng)用語境非常有限)。

              10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.

              A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice

              out of work 失業(yè); out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習(xí)。

              篇三:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

              動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動作發(fā)出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn),且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。

              形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。

              第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。

              例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

              A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

              注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。

              例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

              A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

              第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…

              例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待臺]

              A making B to make C to have made D having made

              1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

              A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

              watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

              感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

              be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

              2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

              A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

              give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

              give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

              3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

              A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

              keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

              keep me informed 使我被告知。

              4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

              A after which B for which C with which D at which

              fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

              I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

              5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

              A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

              in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

              篇四:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。

              非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu):分詞(分詞短語)

              句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作,則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出,則使用過去分詞。

              1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

              A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

              perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;

              to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

              一些特殊的動詞:

              第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;

              這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。

              注意:動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。

              forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;

              remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;

              2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

              A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

              offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

              him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。

              動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):凡是一個動詞的后面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

              動作發(fā)出者 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動作發(fā)出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當(dāng)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在文章中出現(xiàn),且動作發(fā)出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。

              形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。

              第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。

              例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.

              A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut

              1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.

              A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected

              watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;

              感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do

              be erected 強調(diào)的是動作的結(jié)果; being erected 強調(diào)的是動作的過程。

              2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.

              A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off

              give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);

              give away 泄露,走漏風(fēng)聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。

              3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.

              A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing

              keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情

              keep me informed 使我被告知。

              4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

              A after which B for which C with which D at which

              fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰(zhàn)。

              I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩對付她。

              5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.

              A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward

              in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續(xù)。

              注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。

              例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.

              A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned

              第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…

              例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待臺]

              A making B to make C to have made D having made

              篇五:大學(xué)英語四級語法指導(dǎo)

              非謂語動詞與獨立主格:短語,句子(或者句子,短語)

              當(dāng)短語部分有獨立主語,并且該主語不同于句子主語,這時短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。

              獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)1:名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞]

              現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動的,正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的,已經(jīng)完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關(guān)系來確定是使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。當(dāng)動作由名詞(代詞)發(fā)出時使用現(xiàn)在分詞,而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。

              1. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.

              A followed B following C to follow D being followed

              2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.

              A considered B be considered C considering D having considered

              call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別。

              獨立主格的結(jié)構(gòu)2:with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當(dāng)中作狀語]

              3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.

              A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged

              as well as 和(相當(dāng)于and); be encouraged不會考。

              動詞不定式有預(yù)示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;

              been encouraged 已經(jīng)被鼓勵完了,與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵

              短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非謂語動詞。

              非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu):分詞(分詞短語)

              句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作,則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出,則使用過去分詞。

              1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

              A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed

              perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;

              to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;

              一些特殊的動詞:

              第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;

              這兩個詞后加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式表示已經(jīng)做過的事情。

              注意:動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞后加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。

              forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;

              remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;

              2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.

              A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him

              offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.

              him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。