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初中英語基礎語法5數詞
數詞
(一)基數詞 在英語中表示數目的詞稱為基數詞,初中英語基礎語法5-數詞。
1.基數詞的構成
�。�1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
�。�2)21-99 先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
�。�3)101—999先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數或末位數;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數,每三位數加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為
million,第三個“,”前為billion(美式)或thousand ,million(英式),然后一節一節地表示。
1,001→one thousand and one
9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式)
2.基數詞的用法
�。�1)作主語
eg.Four Of them come from Paris.
�。�2)作賓語
eg.一 How many books would you like?
一I would like two.
�。�3)作表語
eg.Seven minus two is five.
(4)作定語
eg.There are three people in my family·
(5)作同位語
eg. You two will go swimming with us.
�。�6)表具體數字時,hundred,thousand,million用單數。
eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.
(7)表不確定的數字時,數詞用復數。若帶名詞,再加of hundreds of(數百,成百上千的),thousands of(數干,成千上萬的),millions of(數百萬)
eg,They arrived in two sand threes.他們三三兩兩地來了。
(8)表示“…十”的數詞的復數可以表示人的歲數或年代。
eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十來歲(31—34歲):
This took place in the 1930s.這事發生在二十世紀三十年代;
(9)表示時刻
eg.I watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.
(二)序數詞 在英語中表示順序、次序的詞稱為序數詞,英語語法《初中英語基礎語法5-數詞》。
1.序數詞的構成
�。�1)一般在基數詞后加th
eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
�。�2)不規則變化
one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve——~twelfih
(3)以y結尾的十位整數,變y為ie再加th
twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
�。�4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數詞變為序數詞。
twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
2.序數詞的用法
(1)序數詞作定語時,一般要與定冠詞或物主代詞連用。
eg.Tom is their second son.
He is the first one to come here.
(2)序數詞有時可與不定冠詞連用,表示數量上“又—”,“再一”
eg: He tried a second time.他又試了—次。
Shall l ask him a third time?還要我再問他—次嗎?我已問了他兩次)
(3)序數詞的縮寫形式為:阿拉伯數字加上這個詞的末尾兩個字母。
1st 2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd
�。�4表示年、月、日時,年用基數詞,日用序數詞。
2005年8月15日:(英)15,8,2005=15th,August,2005;(美)8,15,2005=August 15th,2005
(三)基數詞和序數詞都可以用來給數字編號。
No.1(1號),No.3bus(3路公共汽車),Room 103,(103號旁間)
The first lesson=Lesson Two(第二課)
(四)分數詞的表達
分子用基數詞,分母用序數詞,分子大于1時,分母加s
eg.1/3-one third;2/5-two fifths
(五)數學運算的表達
eg.3+5=8 Three plus/and five is eight.
9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven.
6x5=30 Five times six is thirty /six unutilized five is thirty.
8÷2=4 Eight divided by two is four.
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